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Correlation and Path Coefficient Studies on Advanced Bread Wheat Lines in Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
20-24
Received:
3 July 2021
Accepted:
19 July 2021
Published:
28 July 2021
Abstract: Grain yield is a complex quantitative trait which is influenced by a number of yield contributing traits. To improve grain yield in wheat, selection of genotypes should not only be based on grain yield alone, and the other grain yield components should also be considered. Twenty-three advanced bread wheat genotypes from the national wheat research breeding program; two released bread wheat varieties in Ethiopia; a total of twenty-five genotypes used in this study. The experiment was conducted in square lattice design with three replication over five locations for two consecutive years, in 2018 and 2019 main cropping seasons. The total experimental unit was 2.5m x 1.2m = 3m2. Overall results from correlations showed a higher genotypic correlation than the corresponding phenotypic correlation for most of the traits. The genotypic correlation between Grain yield and Plant height (rg=0.51**); between grain yield and thousand kernel weight (rg=0.73**); and between grain yield and hectoliter weight (rg= 0.52**) are highly significant at (P<0.01) (table 3). The highest phenotypic correlation found between thousand kernel weight and grain yield (rp=0.68**) followed by the phenotypic correlation between hectoliter weight and grain yield (rp=0.57**) (Table 5). The date of maturity, Plant height, Thousand Kernel Weight, and HectoLiter Weight had a positive direct effect on Grain yield (table 4). In conclusion, to generate a new technology, a variety with improved grain yield, a breeder needs to apply indirect selection for yield components from an early stage, nurseries to sets of advanced yield trials in the breeding program.
Abstract: Grain yield is a complex quantitative trait which is influenced by a number of yield contributing traits. To improve grain yield in wheat, selection of genotypes should not only be based on grain yield alone, and the other grain yield components should also be considered. Twenty-three advanced bread wheat genotypes from the national wheat research ...
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Ischemic Postconditioning Attenuates Ischemia/Reperfusion-induced Injury Through Activating Inflammatory Signaling Pathways
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
25-30
Received:
14 July 2021
Accepted:
27 July 2021
Published:
5 August 2021
Abstract: The role of post-treatment in protecting organ ischemia and re-perfusion damage is increasingly recognized, however, its mechanism of the action is not very clear, all in all, it still needs further research. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate whether IPO can reduce I/R-induced liver damage through inhibiting inflammatory signaling pathways in rats. Rats were randomly divided into sham, I/R, IPO and LY294002+IPO groups. The levels of AST and ALT were assessed. The expression levels of IL-1, Akt, NF-κB-P65 and TNF-α were analyzed using western blot analysis. The expression levels of ALT, AST, IL -1, TNF-α and NF-κB-P65 were significant reduction in the IPO group compared with those in the I/R group. Furthermore, the protein expression level of phosphorylated Akt was observed to be significant increase in the livers of the rats in the IPO group compared with those in the I/R group. Moreover, LY294002 was found to offset the advantages of IPO. To the best of our knowledge, this study provided the clear evidence to show that IPO significantly reduced the injury caused by I/R, and it might protect the liver from hepatic injury through activating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway, which increased the expression of Akt, and inhibited the protein expression of IL-1, NF-κB-P65 and TNF-α.
Abstract: The role of post-treatment in protecting organ ischemia and re-perfusion damage is increasingly recognized, however, its mechanism of the action is not very clear, all in all, it still needs further research. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate whether IPO can reduce I/R-induced liver damage through inhibiting inflammatory signaling pa...
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Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance of Introduced Upland Rice Genotypes at Fogera in North Western Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
31-36
Received:
6 July 2021
Accepted:
15 July 2021
Published:
26 September 2021
Abstract: Variability, heritability and genetic advance are basic in order to provide information for plant breeding programs. Forty nine upland rice genotypes were tested in 7*7 simple lattice design at Fogera in Wereta station of Adet Agricultural Research Center in 2012/13. The objectives of the study were to estimate the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of the genotypes tested. Analysis of variance revealed that there was highly significant difference among the 49 genotypes for all the characters studied. Accessions IR 78937-B-3-B-B-1 and IR 78937-B-3-B-B-2 had the highest yield with a score of 5374.5 kg/ha and 5305.6 kg/ha respectively. The high yielding genotype IR 78937-B-3-B-B-1 had a yield advantage of 57% and 22.2%, respectively, as compared to standard checks Nerica-4 and Hidasie. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) values ranged from 2.5% for panicle length to 49.98% for number of spikelet per panicle. While the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) ranged from 2.4% for panicle length to 47.6% for number of spikelet per panicle. Number of tiller per plant (22.47%), number spikelet per panicle (49.98%), thousand seed weight (25.56%) and yield (23.93%) had higher PCV values. The PCV values for flag leaf length (14.79%), flag leaf width (16.12%), and culm length (16.42%) and number of panicle per plant (16.32%) were medium. Flowering cycle (7.81%), maturation cycle (2.9%), and panicle length (2.5%) had lower PCV values. GCV values were low for flowering cycle (7.21%), maturation cycle (1.82%) and panicle length (2.4%); medium for flag leaf length (14.26%), flag leaf width (15.39%), culm length (15.19%) and number of panicle per plant (15.72%); high for number of tillers per plant (22.18%), yield (23.07%), thousand seed weight (25.18%) and number of spikelet per panicle (47.60%). The high GCV values of these characters suggest that genetic impact is higher and environmental influence is lower. This study generally had indicated that there was significant genetic variability or divergence among the genotypes. Thus, the improvement program of the upland rice genotypes through direct selection rather than a lengthy crossing program is recommended.
Abstract: Variability, heritability and genetic advance are basic in order to provide information for plant breeding programs. Forty nine upland rice genotypes were tested in 7*7 simple lattice design at Fogera in Wereta station of Adet Agricultural Research Center in 2012/13. The objectives of the study were to estimate the genetic variability, heritability...
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